MODERN ERA

1. 1970-94: Sophisticated Space Based Surveillance Systems. 

2. 1980s–1990s: NATO shifts from deterrence to expeditionary precision strike.

3. 1982-1985:  Israeli Air Power Failure Lebanon War. 

4. 1989-94: Soviet collapse: U.S. defence spending as a contributing pressure, not the primary cause.

5. 1991 Jan–Feb: Desert Storm integrates precision, stealth, and superior C2/ISR.

6. 1991 Jan: JSTARS debuts MTI/GMTI for targeting manoeuvre forces.

7. 1990s: Warden’s systemic targeting reframes campaign design.

8. 1990s: Balkans air campaigns enforce no-fly zones and target infrastructure.

9. 1995 Mar: JDAM era matures all-weather GPS precision and weaponeering.

10. 1999 Mar–Jun: Kosovo reveals strengths and political limits of air-only strategy.

11. 1990s–2020s: Women integrate into fighter and combat aircrew roles across allies, proving effectiveness.  

12. 2001 Sep: 9/11 Assymetric Air Power Attack 

13. 2001 Sep: 9/11 Homeland air-defence and intel fusion are reoriented.

14. 2003 Mar: Shock and Awe fuses strategic and tactical air effects. 

15. 2004 Dec: First armed UAV strike lowers the cost of entry to air power.

16. 2011 Mar: Libya intervention achieves regime change via allied air power.

17. 2014 Sep: Inherent Resolve demonstrates coalition ISR–strike integration.

18. 2022 Feb: Russia’s invasion of Ukraine air power limits & strengths.

19. 2022 Mar: Dispersed SAMs and GBAD deny Russia control of the air.

19. 2022 May: Loitering munitions allow less costly precision strike.

20. 2022-25: Israel strikes against Hamas impact of air power use on public opinion.

20. 2023–2024: Ukraine use of drones to disrupt logistics & impact on doctrine.

21. 2025 June: USA Precision strike against Iran nuclear sites.

22. 2025-Dec: US Army reduces rotary personnel, switch drones.

21. 2000-25: Asymmetric wars force adaptation in CAS, ROE, and persistence.  

22. 2000-25: Network-centric warfare enables real-time joint targeting and deconfliction. 

23. 2000-25: Fifth-generation fighters merge stealth, sensors, and multirole capacity. 

24. 2000-25: Organisational Culture  Impact on Air Power. 

25. 2000-25: Electronic warfare and cyber tools become core to air operations.