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JB-GPTs
  • AIR POWER
    • AI & MILITARY HISTORY
    • BIBLIOGRAPHY JBGPT AI
    • AI-Aided Professional Study
  • AIR POWER HISTORY
    • EARLY HISTORY
      • 1903 Dec: First powered heavier-than-air flight.
      • 1909 Jul: US Army Signal Corps buys its first military aeroplane.
      • 1911 Oct: First aerial bombing in the Italo-Turkish War.
      • 1912 Apr: Royal Flying Corps formed.
    • WW1
      • 1914 Aug: Air reconnaissance and artillery spotting enter industrial war.
      • 1915 Jul: Synchronised gunfire enables the true fighter role.
      • 1916 Sep: Aerial interdiction of battlefield logistics begins.
      • 1917 Apr: ‘Bloody April’ exposes air-coordination and training failures.
      • 1918 Apr: Royal Air Force becomes the first independent air service.
      • 1918 Jul: Battle of Hamel demonstrates integrated close air support.
      • 1919 Nov: Trenchard sets permanent RAF organisation and doctrine.
      • 1914-1919: Technical Development of Air Power
    • 1920S & 30S
      • 1920s: RAF imperial ‘air control’ used to police colonies.
      • 1921 Mar: Douhet’s The Command of the Air champions strategic bombing.
      • 1921 Jul: Mitchell’s ship-sinking trials advertise air power at sea.
      • 1926 Jul: US Army Air Corps established.
      • 1931 Sep: Air Corps Tactical School codifies targeting and bomber doctrine.
      • 1933 Jan: Luftwaffe founded with tactical air-support focus.
      • 1935 Jun: B-17 first flight signals US heavy-bomber doctrine.
      • 1936 Oct: RAF Fighter Command created for air defence.
      • 1936 Nov: RAF Bomber Command formed to prosecute strategic attack.
      • 1938 Sep: Chain Home radar achieves operational readiness.
      • 1930-41: Japanese Naval Development of Group Carrier Operations.
      • 1934-40: Development of the Mitsubishi A6M Zero and Its Effectiveness as a
    • WW2 1939-43
      • 1939 Sep: RAF Filter Rooms fuse radar and reports into defence intelligence
      • 1939 Sep: Luftwaffe air–ground integration in Poland proves operational uti
      • 1939–45: Aviation Fuel and Air Superiority
      • 1940 May: Blitzkrieg success depends on local air superiority.
      • 1940 May–Jun: RAF air support aids the Dunkirk evacuation.
      • 1940 Jul: Battle of Britain validates integrated air defence and C2.
      • 1940 Nov: Taranto carrier strike demonstrates decisive naval aviation.
      • 1940–41: RAF pivots to night bombing to mitigate losses.
      • 1941 May: ULTRA exploitation shapes air tasking and defence.
      • 1941 Dec: Pearl Harbor shows strategic reach of carrier air power.
      • 1941-42: Allies racial stereotyping of Japanese
      • 1941-42: Japanese racial stereotyping of Americans
      • 1941–43: Japanese Type 93 ‘Long Lance’ torpedoes
      • 1942 Jan: Rabaul defended with Wirraway trainers
      • 1942 Apr: Doolittle Raid delivers outsized strategic-psychological effect.
      • 1942 May: Coral Sea becomes the first naval battle fought entirely by aircr
      • 1942 Jun: Midway turns the Pacific balance.
      • 1942 Aug: Rapid forward airfields with Marston matting multiply sortie rate
      • 1942 Aug: Eighth Air Force begins daylight precision bombing of Germany.
      • 1942–1943: Allied air power in North Africa integrates air–land manoeuvre.
      • 1942 Nov–Feb: Stalingrad air-supply failure exposes limits of air logistics
      • 1943 Jan: H2S and Oboe navigation radars enable night/poor-weather precisio
      • 1943 Jan: RAF Medmenham improves photo-interpretation and BDA.
      • 1943 May: German failure to field heavy bombers
      • 1943 Jul: ‘Window’ (chaff) and EW blind German radar in major raids.
      • 1943: Maritime patrol aircraft shift the campaign against U-boats.
    • WW2 1944-45
      • 1942–45: MacArthur use of air power in the Pacific Theatre
      • 1943–44: Combined Bomber Offensive
      • 1944 Mar: Transportation Plan shifts priority to rail and bridges.
      • 1944 Apr: Eisenhower gains control of strategic bombers for Overlord.
      • 1944 May: B-29 enters combat, extending global strategic reach.
      • 1944 Jun: Allied air superiority enables Normandy landings and breakout.
      • 1944 Jun: P-51 Mustang escorts enable deep-penetration raids over Germany.
      • 1944: Attacks on German synthetic oil and fuel networks
      • 1944–45: German jet and rocket programmes cannot reverse Allied air
      • 1944–45: Essex-class carriers and underway replenishment
      • 1940–45: Women pilots in ATA and WASP ferry aircraft and expand operation
      • 1940s: Mass production and logistics underpin air superiority and mobility.
      • 1945 Mar: Firebombing of Tokyo shows conventional mass-destruction capacity
      • 1945 Apr–Aug: Kamikaze attacks introduce manned ‘guided’ air weapons at sea
      • 1945 Aug: Atomic bombs delivered by air confirm ultimate strategic role.
      • 1945: Strategic-bombing doctrine is questioned as morale & industry endure
      • 1945: US economy’s industrial depth delivers unmatched air-power production
      • 1945: Four fast-carrier task groups (TF 38/58) operate simultaneously
      • 1942-45: Soviet Union (Russia) Use of Air Power Eastern Front.
      • 1941-45: Allies fought WW2 with air and maritime power
      • 1941-45: Technocratic management of bombing campaigns
    • COLD WAR
      • 1946 Mar: Strategic Air Command created for nuclear-ready global strike.
      • 1947 Sep: United States Air Force established as an independent service.
      • 1948 Jun: Berlin Airlift proves strategic leverage of air logistics.
      • 1950 Jun–1953 Jul: Korean War tests jets, CAS, and rugged-terrain limits.
      • 1954 Feb: B-52 enters service as nuclear-deterrent backbone.
      • 1957 Oct: Sputnik links space reconnaissance to air-power strategy.
      • 1960 May: U-2 incident exposes risks to high-altitude surveillance.
      • 1962 Oct: Cuban Missile Crisis aerial reconnaissance drives decisions.
      • 1965-73: Rolling Thunder and Vietnam expose limits of coercive bombin
      • 1965-73: Failure of Air Power Vietnam Conflict.
      • 1965-73: Arab air-force shortcomings highlight training and C2 weaknesses
      • 1968 Mar: Precision-guided munitions begin the accuracy revolution.
      • 1970s: Fourth-generation fighters boost agility, sensors, and weapons versa
      • 1973 Oct: Yom Kippur SAM spur modern SEAD doctrine.
      • 1977 Mar: E-3 AWACS enters service, transforming air-battle management.
      • 1979-89: Soviet-Afghan War limits of air power
      • 1980 Apr: Iran Rescue USA Failure to rescue embassy hostages.
      • 1980–88: Iran–Iraq War, Air Power
      • 1982 Jun: Falklands air war shows reach of limited but decisive carrier ope
      • 1980s: Stealth aircraft (e.g., F-117) reshape thinking on surprise and surv
      • 1947-91: Cold War Air Power in Sub-Saharan Africa.
      • 1970-94: Sophisticated Space Based Surveillance Systems.
      • 1989–94: Soviet Collapse, US Defence Buildup, and the Strategic Defense I
    • MODERN ERA
      • 1970-94: Sophisticated Space Based Surveillance Systems.
      • 1980s–1990s: NATO shifts from deterrence to expeditionary precision strike.
      • 1982-1985: Israeli Air Power Failure Lebanon War.
      • 1989-94: Soviet collapse: U.S. defence spending as a contributing pressure
      • 1991 Jan–Feb: Desert Storm integrates precision, stealth, and superior C2/I
      • 1991 Jan: JSTARS debuts MTI/GMTI for targeting manoeuvre forces.
      • 1990s: Warden’s systemic targeting reframes campaign design.
      • 1990s: Balkans air campaigns enforce no-fly zones and target infrastructure
      • 1995 Mar: JDAM era matures all-weather GPS precision and weaponeering.
      • 1999 Mar–Jun: Kosovo reveals strengths and political limits of air-only str
      • 1990s–2020s: Women integrate into fighter and combat aircrew roles across a
      • 2001 Sep: 9/11 Assymetric Air Power Attack
      • 2001 Sep: 9/11 Homeland air-defence
      • 2003 Mar: Shock and Awe fuses strategic and tactical air effects.
      • 2004 Dec: First armed UAV strike lowers the cost of entry to air power.
      • 2011 Mar: Libya intervention achieves regime change via allied air power.
      • 2014 Sep: Inherent Resolve demonstrates coalition ISR–strike integration.
      • 2022 Feb: Russia’s invasion of Ukraine air power limits & strengths
      • 2022 Mar: Dispersed SAMs and GBAD deny Russia control of the air.
      • 2022 May: Loitering munitions allow less costly precision strike.
      • 2022-25: Israel strikes against Hamas impact of air power use on public opi
      • 2023–2024: Ukraine use of drones
      • 2025 June: USA Precision strike against Iran nuclear sites.
      • 2025-Dec: US Army Rotary-Wing Cuts and the Turn to Drones
      • 2000-25: Asymmetric wars force adaptation in CAS, ROE, and persistence.
      • 2000-25: Network-centric warfare enables real-time joint targeting
      • 2000-25: Fifth-gen fighters merge stealth sensors & multirole capability
      • 2000-25: Organisational Culture Impact on Air Power.
      • 2000-25: Electronic warfare
      • 2018-25: F-25 Operational Impact
      • 2022-25: Israeli Use of Air Power in response to Oct 22 attack by Hamas
    • NATIONAL AIR POWER
      • 2000-25: Arab Air Power
      • 2000-25: Australia Air Power.
  • RAAF HISTORY
    • ABOUT RAAF HISTORY AI STUDY GUIDE SITE
    • LEARNING OUTCOMES RAAF HISTORY
    • AI-Aided Professional Study
    • 1912 Oct: AFC Formed
    • 1912 July: Petre and Harrison
    • 1914 Apr: AFC OPS
    • 1915 July: Mesopotamia AFC
    • 1917 July: Hamel AFC OPS
    • 1918 Nov: Armistice and Legacy
    • 1918-21: Paradox RAAF Formation
    • 1921 Mar: Sir Richard Williams
    • 1923-24 Imperial Conference
    • 1928 May: Air Routes Air Mail
    • 1934 Feb: North Defending
    • 1935-42: Fighter Capability
    • 1937 May: Williams Replaced
    • 1939-45 Overview RAAF WW2
    • 1939–42 Jan: Australian and Japanese Racial and Cultural Assumptions
    • 1939 Sep: Mobilising for War
    • 1940 July: Nursing Service
    • 1940 Aug: Empire Air Training Scheme
    • 1940 Aug: Fairbairn Air Crash
    • 1940 Sep: Battle of Britain Australians
    • 1941-45: Blamey RAAF Ops
    • 1941-45: Bomber Command
    • 1941-45: 460 SQN Overview
    • 1941-45: WAAAF Formed
    • 1941 Jan: Desert War: Australians over North Africa and the Mediterran
    • 1941 Dec: Pearl Harbor & RAAF’s First Pacific Battles
    • 1941-42: Rabaul Wirraways
    • 1941-42: Port Moresby Defence
    • 1942-45: Bostock - Jones:
    • 1942-45: Centralisation of Command under USAAF
    • 1942-45: Partners Working with the USA
    • 1942-45: Kenney General USAAF
    • 1942 Feb: Darwin Bombed
    • 1942 May: Battle Coral Sea
    • 1942-July/Nov: Kokoda Track
    • 1942 July: Fuel Supply Established for New Guinea
    • 1942 Aug: Milne Bay
    • 1942 Nov: Middleton FSGT VC
    • 1942 Nov: Convoy Failed to Intercept
    • 1942–43: The Richmond Debate
    • 1942-45 Sep: Maintainers
    • 1943 Mar: Bismarck Sea Battle
    • 1943 Aug: Attacking Japanese Strongholds
    • 1944-45: Sep-Catalinas and Liberators
    • 1945 May: Morotai Mutiny
    • 1945 May: Victory Flights
    • 1946-51: Vampire & Gloster Meteor
    • 1950: Korean War Mustangs
    • 1950 Nov: WRAAF Formed
    • 1951 Nov: Korean War—Meteor versus MiG
    • 1952-63: Woomera Nuclear
    • 1952 Mar: Post-war Maintenance Training System
    • 1953–54: Withdrawal from Korea
    • 1954 August: CAC Sabre Introduction
    • 1958 Mar: Lockheed C-130 Hercules
    • 1962 Aug: Red Sales Crash
    • 1964 May: Modernises Maintenance Training System—RAAF
    • 1964 Dec: Dassault Mirage III
    • 1965 Feb: Confrontation Indonesia:
    • 1966-71: Vietnam War (RAAF)
    • 1966 May: Vietnam Canberras RAAF
    • 1973 June: F-111C
    • 1974 June: Restructures maintenance
    • 1974-2000: Deseal/Reseal
    • 1976: Tange Reforms
    • 1980–1990: Cold War—Bare Bases
    • 1985 May: F Intro F/A-18 Hornet
    • 1987 Mar: Dibb Review White Paper
    • 1988 Jun: Female Pilots
    • 1989 Feb: Helicopters to Army
    • 1989 Aug: Air Power Studies
    • 1990 Nov: Gulf War Hornets Desert Shield
    • 1991 Mar: Gulf War—Operation Desert Storm
    • 1991 Oct: Tanker Crash
    • 1992 Nov: Homosexual/Lesbian ban lifted
    • 1994 Aug: RAAF Reform Maintenance Training
    • 1998 June: Combined Air and Manoeuvre
    • 1999 Oct: East Timor:
    • 2001 Sep: War on Terror
    • 2003 Feb: Maintenance Training System
    • 2003 Mar: Iraq War—Hornets Falconer
    • 2003 Mar: Modernises AP-3C Orion Upgrades
    • 2003 May: JORN
    • 2004 Oct: JOC Formed
    • 2006 Dec: RAAF Introduces Globemaster III
    • 2008 Aug: Afghanistan
    • 2011 Apr: RAAF Skype Incident
    • 2011 Sep: RAAF Maintenance Training Joint Ops
    • 2014 Oct: Middle East—Strikes Okra
    • 2015 Jan: Fighter Jet Generational Classification
    • 2015 Feb: Jericho RAAF Fifth Gen AF
    • 2016–17: Jericho Implementation
    • 2017 Dec: Female Fighter Pilots
    • 2018 Dec: RAAF F-35A
    • 2020 Mar: Humanitarian Ops in Pacific
    • 2021 Mar: Centenary
    • 2021 Nov: RAAF Maintenance Training
    • 2024 Apr: National Defence Strategy
    • 2023 Apr: Overview White Papers
    • 2023 Apr: Defence Abandons White Papers
    • 2023 Apr: Interim Defence Strategic Review
    • 2023 May: Integration of Ghost Bat into IOC and Air Combat Capability Plann
    • 2023 Oct: RAAF Deploys Wedgetail Ukraine
    • 2025 Oct: Aeroskills Training Packages and Air Force
    • 2025 Oct: RAAF Undergoes Fleet Modernisation
    • 2025: The RAAF as an independent strategic air force.
    • 2025: RAAF History Science and Research.
    • 2025: Point Cook Home of RAAF
  • RESOURCES PRE-INDUSTRIAL
JB-GPTs
  • AIR POWER
    • AI & MILITARY HISTORY
    • BIBLIOGRAPHY JBGPT AI
    • AI-Aided Professional Study
  • AIR POWER HISTORY
    • EARLY HISTORY
      • 1903 Dec: First powered heavier-than-air flight.
      • 1909 Jul: US Army Signal Corps buys its first military aeroplane.
      • 1911 Oct: First aerial bombing in the Italo-Turkish War.
      • 1912 Apr: Royal Flying Corps formed.
    • WW1
      • 1914 Aug: Air reconnaissance and artillery spotting enter industrial war.
      • 1915 Jul: Synchronised gunfire enables the true fighter role.
      • 1916 Sep: Aerial interdiction of battlefield logistics begins.
      • 1917 Apr: ‘Bloody April’ exposes air-coordination and training failures.
      • 1918 Apr: Royal Air Force becomes the first independent air service.
      • 1918 Jul: Battle of Hamel demonstrates integrated close air support.
      • 1919 Nov: Trenchard sets permanent RAF organisation and doctrine.
      • 1914-1919: Technical Development of Air Power
    • 1920S & 30S
      • 1920s: RAF imperial ‘air control’ used to police colonies.
      • 1921 Mar: Douhet’s The Command of the Air champions strategic bombing.
      • 1921 Jul: Mitchell’s ship-sinking trials advertise air power at sea.
      • 1926 Jul: US Army Air Corps established.
      • 1931 Sep: Air Corps Tactical School codifies targeting and bomber doctrine.
      • 1933 Jan: Luftwaffe founded with tactical air-support focus.
      • 1935 Jun: B-17 first flight signals US heavy-bomber doctrine.
      • 1936 Oct: RAF Fighter Command created for air defence.
      • 1936 Nov: RAF Bomber Command formed to prosecute strategic attack.
      • 1938 Sep: Chain Home radar achieves operational readiness.
      • 1930-41: Japanese Naval Development of Group Carrier Operations.
      • 1934-40: Development of the Mitsubishi A6M Zero and Its Effectiveness as a
    • WW2 1939-43
      • 1939 Sep: RAF Filter Rooms fuse radar and reports into defence intelligence
      • 1939 Sep: Luftwaffe air–ground integration in Poland proves operational uti
      • 1939–45: Aviation Fuel and Air Superiority
      • 1940 May: Blitzkrieg success depends on local air superiority.
      • 1940 May–Jun: RAF air support aids the Dunkirk evacuation.
      • 1940 Jul: Battle of Britain validates integrated air defence and C2.
      • 1940 Nov: Taranto carrier strike demonstrates decisive naval aviation.
      • 1940–41: RAF pivots to night bombing to mitigate losses.
      • 1941 May: ULTRA exploitation shapes air tasking and defence.
      • 1941 Dec: Pearl Harbor shows strategic reach of carrier air power.
      • 1941-42: Allies racial stereotyping of Japanese
      • 1941-42: Japanese racial stereotyping of Americans
      • 1941–43: Japanese Type 93 ‘Long Lance’ torpedoes
      • 1942 Jan: Rabaul defended with Wirraway trainers
      • 1942 Apr: Doolittle Raid delivers outsized strategic-psychological effect.
      • 1942 May: Coral Sea becomes the first naval battle fought entirely by aircr
      • 1942 Jun: Midway turns the Pacific balance.
      • 1942 Aug: Rapid forward airfields with Marston matting multiply sortie rate
      • 1942 Aug: Eighth Air Force begins daylight precision bombing of Germany.
      • 1942–1943: Allied air power in North Africa integrates air–land manoeuvre.
      • 1942 Nov–Feb: Stalingrad air-supply failure exposes limits of air logistics
      • 1943 Jan: H2S and Oboe navigation radars enable night/poor-weather precisio
      • 1943 Jan: RAF Medmenham improves photo-interpretation and BDA.
      • 1943 May: German failure to field heavy bombers
      • 1943 Jul: ‘Window’ (chaff) and EW blind German radar in major raids.
      • 1943: Maritime patrol aircraft shift the campaign against U-boats.
    • WW2 1944-45
      • 1942–45: MacArthur use of air power in the Pacific Theatre
      • 1943–44: Combined Bomber Offensive
      • 1944 Mar: Transportation Plan shifts priority to rail and bridges.
      • 1944 Apr: Eisenhower gains control of strategic bombers for Overlord.
      • 1944 May: B-29 enters combat, extending global strategic reach.
      • 1944 Jun: Allied air superiority enables Normandy landings and breakout.
      • 1944 Jun: P-51 Mustang escorts enable deep-penetration raids over Germany.
      • 1944: Attacks on German synthetic oil and fuel networks
      • 1944–45: German jet and rocket programmes cannot reverse Allied air
      • 1944–45: Essex-class carriers and underway replenishment
      • 1940–45: Women pilots in ATA and WASP ferry aircraft and expand operation
      • 1940s: Mass production and logistics underpin air superiority and mobility.
      • 1945 Mar: Firebombing of Tokyo shows conventional mass-destruction capacity
      • 1945 Apr–Aug: Kamikaze attacks introduce manned ‘guided’ air weapons at sea
      • 1945 Aug: Atomic bombs delivered by air confirm ultimate strategic role.
      • 1945: Strategic-bombing doctrine is questioned as morale & industry endure
      • 1945: US economy’s industrial depth delivers unmatched air-power production
      • 1945: Four fast-carrier task groups (TF 38/58) operate simultaneously
      • 1942-45: Soviet Union (Russia) Use of Air Power Eastern Front.
      • 1941-45: Allies fought WW2 with air and maritime power
      • 1941-45: Technocratic management of bombing campaigns
    • COLD WAR
      • 1946 Mar: Strategic Air Command created for nuclear-ready global strike.
      • 1947 Sep: United States Air Force established as an independent service.
      • 1948 Jun: Berlin Airlift proves strategic leverage of air logistics.
      • 1950 Jun–1953 Jul: Korean War tests jets, CAS, and rugged-terrain limits.
      • 1954 Feb: B-52 enters service as nuclear-deterrent backbone.
      • 1957 Oct: Sputnik links space reconnaissance to air-power strategy.
      • 1960 May: U-2 incident exposes risks to high-altitude surveillance.
      • 1962 Oct: Cuban Missile Crisis aerial reconnaissance drives decisions.
      • 1965-73: Rolling Thunder and Vietnam expose limits of coercive bombin
      • 1965-73: Failure of Air Power Vietnam Conflict.
      • 1965-73: Arab air-force shortcomings highlight training and C2 weaknesses
      • 1968 Mar: Precision-guided munitions begin the accuracy revolution.
      • 1970s: Fourth-generation fighters boost agility, sensors, and weapons versa
      • 1973 Oct: Yom Kippur SAM spur modern SEAD doctrine.
      • 1977 Mar: E-3 AWACS enters service, transforming air-battle management.
      • 1979-89: Soviet-Afghan War limits of air power
      • 1980 Apr: Iran Rescue USA Failure to rescue embassy hostages.
      • 1980–88: Iran–Iraq War, Air Power
      • 1982 Jun: Falklands air war shows reach of limited but decisive carrier ope
      • 1980s: Stealth aircraft (e.g., F-117) reshape thinking on surprise and surv
      • 1947-91: Cold War Air Power in Sub-Saharan Africa.
      • 1970-94: Sophisticated Space Based Surveillance Systems.
      • 1989–94: Soviet Collapse, US Defence Buildup, and the Strategic Defense I
    • MODERN ERA
      • 1970-94: Sophisticated Space Based Surveillance Systems.
      • 1980s–1990s: NATO shifts from deterrence to expeditionary precision strike.
      • 1982-1985: Israeli Air Power Failure Lebanon War.
      • 1989-94: Soviet collapse: U.S. defence spending as a contributing pressure
      • 1991 Jan–Feb: Desert Storm integrates precision, stealth, and superior C2/I
      • 1991 Jan: JSTARS debuts MTI/GMTI for targeting manoeuvre forces.
      • 1990s: Warden’s systemic targeting reframes campaign design.
      • 1990s: Balkans air campaigns enforce no-fly zones and target infrastructure
      • 1995 Mar: JDAM era matures all-weather GPS precision and weaponeering.
      • 1999 Mar–Jun: Kosovo reveals strengths and political limits of air-only str
      • 1990s–2020s: Women integrate into fighter and combat aircrew roles across a
      • 2001 Sep: 9/11 Assymetric Air Power Attack
      • 2001 Sep: 9/11 Homeland air-defence
      • 2003 Mar: Shock and Awe fuses strategic and tactical air effects.
      • 2004 Dec: First armed UAV strike lowers the cost of entry to air power.
      • 2011 Mar: Libya intervention achieves regime change via allied air power.
      • 2014 Sep: Inherent Resolve demonstrates coalition ISR–strike integration.
      • 2022 Feb: Russia’s invasion of Ukraine air power limits & strengths
      • 2022 Mar: Dispersed SAMs and GBAD deny Russia control of the air.
      • 2022 May: Loitering munitions allow less costly precision strike.
      • 2022-25: Israel strikes against Hamas impact of air power use on public opi
      • 2023–2024: Ukraine use of drones
      • 2025 June: USA Precision strike against Iran nuclear sites.
      • 2025-Dec: US Army Rotary-Wing Cuts and the Turn to Drones
      • 2000-25: Asymmetric wars force adaptation in CAS, ROE, and persistence.
      • 2000-25: Network-centric warfare enables real-time joint targeting
      • 2000-25: Fifth-gen fighters merge stealth sensors & multirole capability
      • 2000-25: Organisational Culture Impact on Air Power.
      • 2000-25: Electronic warfare
      • 2018-25: F-25 Operational Impact
      • 2022-25: Israeli Use of Air Power in response to Oct 22 attack by Hamas
    • NATIONAL AIR POWER
      • 2000-25: Arab Air Power
      • 2000-25: Australia Air Power.
  • RAAF HISTORY
    • ABOUT RAAF HISTORY AI STUDY GUIDE SITE
    • LEARNING OUTCOMES RAAF HISTORY
    • AI-Aided Professional Study
    • 1912 Oct: AFC Formed
    • 1912 July: Petre and Harrison
    • 1914 Apr: AFC OPS
    • 1915 July: Mesopotamia AFC
    • 1917 July: Hamel AFC OPS
    • 1918 Nov: Armistice and Legacy
    • 1918-21: Paradox RAAF Formation
    • 1921 Mar: Sir Richard Williams
    • 1923-24 Imperial Conference
    • 1928 May: Air Routes Air Mail
    • 1934 Feb: North Defending
    • 1935-42: Fighter Capability
    • 1937 May: Williams Replaced
    • 1939-45 Overview RAAF WW2
    • 1939–42 Jan: Australian and Japanese Racial and Cultural Assumptions
    • 1939 Sep: Mobilising for War
    • 1940 July: Nursing Service
    • 1940 Aug: Empire Air Training Scheme
    • 1940 Aug: Fairbairn Air Crash
    • 1940 Sep: Battle of Britain Australians
    • 1941-45: Blamey RAAF Ops
    • 1941-45: Bomber Command
    • 1941-45: 460 SQN Overview
    • 1941-45: WAAAF Formed
    • 1941 Jan: Desert War: Australians over North Africa and the Mediterran
    • 1941 Dec: Pearl Harbor & RAAF’s First Pacific Battles
    • 1941-42: Rabaul Wirraways
    • 1941-42: Port Moresby Defence
    • 1942-45: Bostock - Jones:
    • 1942-45: Centralisation of Command under USAAF
    • 1942-45: Partners Working with the USA
    • 1942-45: Kenney General USAAF
    • 1942 Feb: Darwin Bombed
    • 1942 May: Battle Coral Sea
    • 1942-July/Nov: Kokoda Track
    • 1942 July: Fuel Supply Established for New Guinea
    • 1942 Aug: Milne Bay
    • 1942 Nov: Middleton FSGT VC
    • 1942 Nov: Convoy Failed to Intercept
    • 1942–43: The Richmond Debate
    • 1942-45 Sep: Maintainers
    • 1943 Mar: Bismarck Sea Battle
    • 1943 Aug: Attacking Japanese Strongholds
    • 1944-45: Sep-Catalinas and Liberators
    • 1945 May: Morotai Mutiny
    • 1945 May: Victory Flights
    • 1946-51: Vampire & Gloster Meteor
    • 1950: Korean War Mustangs
    • 1950 Nov: WRAAF Formed
    • 1951 Nov: Korean War—Meteor versus MiG
    • 1952-63: Woomera Nuclear
    • 1952 Mar: Post-war Maintenance Training System
    • 1953–54: Withdrawal from Korea
    • 1954 August: CAC Sabre Introduction
    • 1958 Mar: Lockheed C-130 Hercules
    • 1962 Aug: Red Sales Crash
    • 1964 May: Modernises Maintenance Training System—RAAF
    • 1964 Dec: Dassault Mirage III
    • 1965 Feb: Confrontation Indonesia:
    • 1966-71: Vietnam War (RAAF)
    • 1966 May: Vietnam Canberras RAAF
    • 1973 June: F-111C
    • 1974 June: Restructures maintenance
    • 1974-2000: Deseal/Reseal
    • 1976: Tange Reforms
    • 1980–1990: Cold War—Bare Bases
    • 1985 May: F Intro F/A-18 Hornet
    • 1987 Mar: Dibb Review White Paper
    • 1988 Jun: Female Pilots
    • 1989 Feb: Helicopters to Army
    • 1989 Aug: Air Power Studies
    • 1990 Nov: Gulf War Hornets Desert Shield
    • 1991 Mar: Gulf War—Operation Desert Storm
    • 1991 Oct: Tanker Crash
    • 1992 Nov: Homosexual/Lesbian ban lifted
    • 1994 Aug: RAAF Reform Maintenance Training
    • 1998 June: Combined Air and Manoeuvre
    • 1999 Oct: East Timor:
    • 2001 Sep: War on Terror
    • 2003 Feb: Maintenance Training System
    • 2003 Mar: Iraq War—Hornets Falconer
    • 2003 Mar: Modernises AP-3C Orion Upgrades
    • 2003 May: JORN
    • 2004 Oct: JOC Formed
    • 2006 Dec: RAAF Introduces Globemaster III
    • 2008 Aug: Afghanistan
    • 2011 Apr: RAAF Skype Incident
    • 2011 Sep: RAAF Maintenance Training Joint Ops
    • 2014 Oct: Middle East—Strikes Okra
    • 2015 Jan: Fighter Jet Generational Classification
    • 2015 Feb: Jericho RAAF Fifth Gen AF
    • 2016–17: Jericho Implementation
    • 2017 Dec: Female Fighter Pilots
    • 2018 Dec: RAAF F-35A
    • 2020 Mar: Humanitarian Ops in Pacific
    • 2021 Mar: Centenary
    • 2021 Nov: RAAF Maintenance Training
    • 2024 Apr: National Defence Strategy
    • 2023 Apr: Overview White Papers
    • 2023 Apr: Defence Abandons White Papers
    • 2023 Apr: Interim Defence Strategic Review
    • 2023 May: Integration of Ghost Bat into IOC and Air Combat Capability Plann
    • 2023 Oct: RAAF Deploys Wedgetail Ukraine
    • 2025 Oct: Aeroskills Training Packages and Air Force
    • 2025 Oct: RAAF Undergoes Fleet Modernisation
    • 2025: The RAAF as an independent strategic air force.
    • 2025: RAAF History Science and Research.
    • 2025: Point Cook Home of RAAF
  • RESOURCES PRE-INDUSTRIAL
  • More
    • AIR POWER
      • AI & MILITARY HISTORY
      • BIBLIOGRAPHY JBGPT AI
      • AI-Aided Professional Study
    • AIR POWER HISTORY
      • EARLY HISTORY
        • 1903 Dec: First powered heavier-than-air flight.
        • 1909 Jul: US Army Signal Corps buys its first military aeroplane.
        • 1911 Oct: First aerial bombing in the Italo-Turkish War.
        • 1912 Apr: Royal Flying Corps formed.
      • WW1
        • 1914 Aug: Air reconnaissance and artillery spotting enter industrial war.
        • 1915 Jul: Synchronised gunfire enables the true fighter role.
        • 1916 Sep: Aerial interdiction of battlefield logistics begins.
        • 1917 Apr: ‘Bloody April’ exposes air-coordination and training failures.
        • 1918 Apr: Royal Air Force becomes the first independent air service.
        • 1918 Jul: Battle of Hamel demonstrates integrated close air support.
        • 1919 Nov: Trenchard sets permanent RAF organisation and doctrine.
        • 1914-1919: Technical Development of Air Power
      • 1920S & 30S
        • 1920s: RAF imperial ‘air control’ used to police colonies.
        • 1921 Mar: Douhet’s The Command of the Air champions strategic bombing.
        • 1921 Jul: Mitchell’s ship-sinking trials advertise air power at sea.
        • 1926 Jul: US Army Air Corps established.
        • 1931 Sep: Air Corps Tactical School codifies targeting and bomber doctrine.
        • 1933 Jan: Luftwaffe founded with tactical air-support focus.
        • 1935 Jun: B-17 first flight signals US heavy-bomber doctrine.
        • 1936 Oct: RAF Fighter Command created for air defence.
        • 1936 Nov: RAF Bomber Command formed to prosecute strategic attack.
        • 1938 Sep: Chain Home radar achieves operational readiness.
        • 1930-41: Japanese Naval Development of Group Carrier Operations.
        • 1934-40: Development of the Mitsubishi A6M Zero and Its Effectiveness as a
      • WW2 1939-43
        • 1939 Sep: RAF Filter Rooms fuse radar and reports into defence intelligence
        • 1939 Sep: Luftwaffe air–ground integration in Poland proves operational uti
        • 1939–45: Aviation Fuel and Air Superiority
        • 1940 May: Blitzkrieg success depends on local air superiority.
        • 1940 May–Jun: RAF air support aids the Dunkirk evacuation.
        • 1940 Jul: Battle of Britain validates integrated air defence and C2.
        • 1940 Nov: Taranto carrier strike demonstrates decisive naval aviation.
        • 1940–41: RAF pivots to night bombing to mitigate losses.
        • 1941 May: ULTRA exploitation shapes air tasking and defence.
        • 1941 Dec: Pearl Harbor shows strategic reach of carrier air power.
        • 1941-42: Allies racial stereotyping of Japanese
        • 1941-42: Japanese racial stereotyping of Americans
        • 1941–43: Japanese Type 93 ‘Long Lance’ torpedoes
        • 1942 Jan: Rabaul defended with Wirraway trainers
        • 1942 Apr: Doolittle Raid delivers outsized strategic-psychological effect.
        • 1942 May: Coral Sea becomes the first naval battle fought entirely by aircr
        • 1942 Jun: Midway turns the Pacific balance.
        • 1942 Aug: Rapid forward airfields with Marston matting multiply sortie rate
        • 1942 Aug: Eighth Air Force begins daylight precision bombing of Germany.
        • 1942–1943: Allied air power in North Africa integrates air–land manoeuvre.
        • 1942 Nov–Feb: Stalingrad air-supply failure exposes limits of air logistics
        • 1943 Jan: H2S and Oboe navigation radars enable night/poor-weather precisio
        • 1943 Jan: RAF Medmenham improves photo-interpretation and BDA.
        • 1943 May: German failure to field heavy bombers
        • 1943 Jul: ‘Window’ (chaff) and EW blind German radar in major raids.
        • 1943: Maritime patrol aircraft shift the campaign against U-boats.
      • WW2 1944-45
        • 1942–45: MacArthur use of air power in the Pacific Theatre
        • 1943–44: Combined Bomber Offensive
        • 1944 Mar: Transportation Plan shifts priority to rail and bridges.
        • 1944 Apr: Eisenhower gains control of strategic bombers for Overlord.
        • 1944 May: B-29 enters combat, extending global strategic reach.
        • 1944 Jun: Allied air superiority enables Normandy landings and breakout.
        • 1944 Jun: P-51 Mustang escorts enable deep-penetration raids over Germany.
        • 1944: Attacks on German synthetic oil and fuel networks
        • 1944–45: German jet and rocket programmes cannot reverse Allied air
        • 1944–45: Essex-class carriers and underway replenishment
        • 1940–45: Women pilots in ATA and WASP ferry aircraft and expand operation
        • 1940s: Mass production and logistics underpin air superiority and mobility.
        • 1945 Mar: Firebombing of Tokyo shows conventional mass-destruction capacity
        • 1945 Apr–Aug: Kamikaze attacks introduce manned ‘guided’ air weapons at sea
        • 1945 Aug: Atomic bombs delivered by air confirm ultimate strategic role.
        • 1945: Strategic-bombing doctrine is questioned as morale & industry endure
        • 1945: US economy’s industrial depth delivers unmatched air-power production
        • 1945: Four fast-carrier task groups (TF 38/58) operate simultaneously
        • 1942-45: Soviet Union (Russia) Use of Air Power Eastern Front.
        • 1941-45: Allies fought WW2 with air and maritime power
        • 1941-45: Technocratic management of bombing campaigns
      • COLD WAR
        • 1946 Mar: Strategic Air Command created for nuclear-ready global strike.
        • 1947 Sep: United States Air Force established as an independent service.
        • 1948 Jun: Berlin Airlift proves strategic leverage of air logistics.
        • 1950 Jun–1953 Jul: Korean War tests jets, CAS, and rugged-terrain limits.
        • 1954 Feb: B-52 enters service as nuclear-deterrent backbone.
        • 1957 Oct: Sputnik links space reconnaissance to air-power strategy.
        • 1960 May: U-2 incident exposes risks to high-altitude surveillance.
        • 1962 Oct: Cuban Missile Crisis aerial reconnaissance drives decisions.
        • 1965-73: Rolling Thunder and Vietnam expose limits of coercive bombin
        • 1965-73: Failure of Air Power Vietnam Conflict.
        • 1965-73: Arab air-force shortcomings highlight training and C2 weaknesses
        • 1968 Mar: Precision-guided munitions begin the accuracy revolution.
        • 1970s: Fourth-generation fighters boost agility, sensors, and weapons versa
        • 1973 Oct: Yom Kippur SAM spur modern SEAD doctrine.
        • 1977 Mar: E-3 AWACS enters service, transforming air-battle management.
        • 1979-89: Soviet-Afghan War limits of air power
        • 1980 Apr: Iran Rescue USA Failure to rescue embassy hostages.
        • 1980–88: Iran–Iraq War, Air Power
        • 1982 Jun: Falklands air war shows reach of limited but decisive carrier ope
        • 1980s: Stealth aircraft (e.g., F-117) reshape thinking on surprise and surv
        • 1947-91: Cold War Air Power in Sub-Saharan Africa.
        • 1970-94: Sophisticated Space Based Surveillance Systems.
        • 1989–94: Soviet Collapse, US Defence Buildup, and the Strategic Defense I
      • MODERN ERA
        • 1970-94: Sophisticated Space Based Surveillance Systems.
        • 1980s–1990s: NATO shifts from deterrence to expeditionary precision strike.
        • 1982-1985: Israeli Air Power Failure Lebanon War.
        • 1989-94: Soviet collapse: U.S. defence spending as a contributing pressure
        • 1991 Jan–Feb: Desert Storm integrates precision, stealth, and superior C2/I
        • 1991 Jan: JSTARS debuts MTI/GMTI for targeting manoeuvre forces.
        • 1990s: Warden’s systemic targeting reframes campaign design.
        • 1990s: Balkans air campaigns enforce no-fly zones and target infrastructure
        • 1995 Mar: JDAM era matures all-weather GPS precision and weaponeering.
        • 1999 Mar–Jun: Kosovo reveals strengths and political limits of air-only str
        • 1990s–2020s: Women integrate into fighter and combat aircrew roles across a
        • 2001 Sep: 9/11 Assymetric Air Power Attack
        • 2001 Sep: 9/11 Homeland air-defence
        • 2003 Mar: Shock and Awe fuses strategic and tactical air effects.
        • 2004 Dec: First armed UAV strike lowers the cost of entry to air power.
        • 2011 Mar: Libya intervention achieves regime change via allied air power.
        • 2014 Sep: Inherent Resolve demonstrates coalition ISR–strike integration.
        • 2022 Feb: Russia’s invasion of Ukraine air power limits & strengths
        • 2022 Mar: Dispersed SAMs and GBAD deny Russia control of the air.
        • 2022 May: Loitering munitions allow less costly precision strike.
        • 2022-25: Israel strikes against Hamas impact of air power use on public opi
        • 2023–2024: Ukraine use of drones
        • 2025 June: USA Precision strike against Iran nuclear sites.
        • 2025-Dec: US Army Rotary-Wing Cuts and the Turn to Drones
        • 2000-25: Asymmetric wars force adaptation in CAS, ROE, and persistence.
        • 2000-25: Network-centric warfare enables real-time joint targeting
        • 2000-25: Fifth-gen fighters merge stealth sensors & multirole capability
        • 2000-25: Organisational Culture Impact on Air Power.
        • 2000-25: Electronic warfare
        • 2018-25: F-25 Operational Impact
        • 2022-25: Israeli Use of Air Power in response to Oct 22 attack by Hamas
      • NATIONAL AIR POWER
        • 2000-25: Arab Air Power
        • 2000-25: Australia Air Power.
    • RAAF HISTORY
      • ABOUT RAAF HISTORY AI STUDY GUIDE SITE
      • LEARNING OUTCOMES RAAF HISTORY
      • AI-Aided Professional Study
      • 1912 Oct: AFC Formed
      • 1912 July: Petre and Harrison
      • 1914 Apr: AFC OPS
      • 1915 July: Mesopotamia AFC
      • 1917 July: Hamel AFC OPS
      • 1918 Nov: Armistice and Legacy
      • 1918-21: Paradox RAAF Formation
      • 1921 Mar: Sir Richard Williams
      • 1923-24 Imperial Conference
      • 1928 May: Air Routes Air Mail
      • 1934 Feb: North Defending
      • 1935-42: Fighter Capability
      • 1937 May: Williams Replaced
      • 1939-45 Overview RAAF WW2
      • 1939–42 Jan: Australian and Japanese Racial and Cultural Assumptions
      • 1939 Sep: Mobilising for War
      • 1940 July: Nursing Service
      • 1940 Aug: Empire Air Training Scheme
      • 1940 Aug: Fairbairn Air Crash
      • 1940 Sep: Battle of Britain Australians
      • 1941-45: Blamey RAAF Ops
      • 1941-45: Bomber Command
      • 1941-45: 460 SQN Overview
      • 1941-45: WAAAF Formed
      • 1941 Jan: Desert War: Australians over North Africa and the Mediterran
      • 1941 Dec: Pearl Harbor & RAAF’s First Pacific Battles
      • 1941-42: Rabaul Wirraways
      • 1941-42: Port Moresby Defence
      • 1942-45: Bostock - Jones:
      • 1942-45: Centralisation of Command under USAAF
      • 1942-45: Partners Working with the USA
      • 1942-45: Kenney General USAAF
      • 1942 Feb: Darwin Bombed
      • 1942 May: Battle Coral Sea
      • 1942-July/Nov: Kokoda Track
      • 1942 July: Fuel Supply Established for New Guinea
      • 1942 Aug: Milne Bay
      • 1942 Nov: Middleton FSGT VC
      • 1942 Nov: Convoy Failed to Intercept
      • 1942–43: The Richmond Debate
      • 1942-45 Sep: Maintainers
      • 1943 Mar: Bismarck Sea Battle
      • 1943 Aug: Attacking Japanese Strongholds
      • 1944-45: Sep-Catalinas and Liberators
      • 1945 May: Morotai Mutiny
      • 1945 May: Victory Flights
      • 1946-51: Vampire & Gloster Meteor
      • 1950: Korean War Mustangs
      • 1950 Nov: WRAAF Formed
      • 1951 Nov: Korean War—Meteor versus MiG
      • 1952-63: Woomera Nuclear
      • 1952 Mar: Post-war Maintenance Training System
      • 1953–54: Withdrawal from Korea
      • 1954 August: CAC Sabre Introduction
      • 1958 Mar: Lockheed C-130 Hercules
      • 1962 Aug: Red Sales Crash
      • 1964 May: Modernises Maintenance Training System—RAAF
      • 1964 Dec: Dassault Mirage III
      • 1965 Feb: Confrontation Indonesia:
      • 1966-71: Vietnam War (RAAF)
      • 1966 May: Vietnam Canberras RAAF
      • 1973 June: F-111C
      • 1974 June: Restructures maintenance
      • 1974-2000: Deseal/Reseal
      • 1976: Tange Reforms
      • 1980–1990: Cold War—Bare Bases
      • 1985 May: F Intro F/A-18 Hornet
      • 1987 Mar: Dibb Review White Paper
      • 1988 Jun: Female Pilots
      • 1989 Feb: Helicopters to Army
      • 1989 Aug: Air Power Studies
      • 1990 Nov: Gulf War Hornets Desert Shield
      • 1991 Mar: Gulf War—Operation Desert Storm
      • 1991 Oct: Tanker Crash
      • 1992 Nov: Homosexual/Lesbian ban lifted
      • 1994 Aug: RAAF Reform Maintenance Training
      • 1998 June: Combined Air and Manoeuvre
      • 1999 Oct: East Timor:
      • 2001 Sep: War on Terror
      • 2003 Feb: Maintenance Training System
      • 2003 Mar: Iraq War—Hornets Falconer
      • 2003 Mar: Modernises AP-3C Orion Upgrades
      • 2003 May: JORN
      • 2004 Oct: JOC Formed
      • 2006 Dec: RAAF Introduces Globemaster III
      • 2008 Aug: Afghanistan
      • 2011 Apr: RAAF Skype Incident
      • 2011 Sep: RAAF Maintenance Training Joint Ops
      • 2014 Oct: Middle East—Strikes Okra
      • 2015 Jan: Fighter Jet Generational Classification
      • 2015 Feb: Jericho RAAF Fifth Gen AF
      • 2016–17: Jericho Implementation
      • 2017 Dec: Female Fighter Pilots
      • 2018 Dec: RAAF F-35A
      • 2020 Mar: Humanitarian Ops in Pacific
      • 2021 Mar: Centenary
      • 2021 Nov: RAAF Maintenance Training
      • 2024 Apr: National Defence Strategy
      • 2023 Apr: Overview White Papers
      • 2023 Apr: Defence Abandons White Papers
      • 2023 Apr: Interim Defence Strategic Review
      • 2023 May: Integration of Ghost Bat into IOC and Air Combat Capability Plann
      • 2023 Oct: RAAF Deploys Wedgetail Ukraine
      • 2025 Oct: Aeroskills Training Packages and Air Force
      • 2025 Oct: RAAF Undergoes Fleet Modernisation
      • 2025: The RAAF as an independent strategic air force.
      • 2025: RAAF History Science and Research.
      • 2025: Point Cook Home of RAAF
    • RESOURCES PRE-INDUSTRIAL

WW1 HISTORY OF AIR POWER

  1. 1914 Aug: Air reconnaissance and artillery spotting enter industrial war. 

  2. 1915 Jul: Synchronised gunfire enables the true fighter role. 

  3. 1916 Sep: Aerial interdiction of battlefield logistics begins. 

  4. 1917 Apr: ‘Bloody April’ exposes air-coordination and training failures. 

  5. 1918 Apr: Royal Air Force becomes the first independent air service. 

  6. 1918 Jul: Battle of Hamel demonstrates integrated close air support. 

  7. 1919 Nov: Trenchard sets permanent RAF organisation and doctrine. 

  8. 1914-1919: Technical Development of Air Power


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